Cybersecurity

Network security involves protecting computer networks from unauthorized access, misuse, or attacks. Key practices include firewalls, intrusion detection systems, encryption, and secure protocols. These measures ensure data confidentiality, integrity, and availability across digital systems.

Application security focuses on protecting software from vulnerabilities and threats throughout its lifecycle. Best practices include input validation, authentication, access control, secure coding, and regular security testing to prevent attacks like SQL injection and cross-site scripting (XSS).

Ethical hacking involves legally testing systems for vulnerabilities to strengthen security. Techniques include penetration testing, social engineering, network scanning, and exploiting known weaknesses—helping organizations identify and fix security flaws before attackers do.